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| Approve | 24627198 | 37 hrs ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00005091 | ||||
| Invest | 24627191 | 37 hrs ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00002188 | ||||
| Invest | 24583522 | 7 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00001227 | ||||
| Invest | 24576773 | 8 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00001141 | ||||
| Transfer | 24555075 | 11 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00000278 | ||||
| Invest | 24555065 | 11 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00000513 | ||||
| Approve | 24554833 | 11 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00006318 | ||||
| Invest | 24541085 | 13 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00016282 | ||||
| Invest | 24534083 | 14 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00017623 | ||||
| Redeem | 24525609 | 15 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00016529 | ||||
| Redeem | 24522922 | 16 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00000489 | ||||
| Approve | 24519009 | 16 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00000315 | ||||
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| Approve | 24518169 | 16 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00007134 | ||||
| Invest | 24518164 | 16 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00016144 | ||||
| Redeem | 24515179 | 17 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00000889 | ||||
| Invest | 24500323 | 19 days ago | IN | 0 ETH | 0.00023031 | ||||
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Contract Name:
Equity
Compiler Version
v0.8.20+commit.a1b79de6
Optimization Enabled:
Yes with 200 runs
Other Settings:
paris EvmVersion
Contract Source Code (Solidity Standard Json-Input format)
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./Frankencoin.sol";
import "./utils/MathUtil.sol";
import "./interface/IReserve.sol";
import "./interface/IERC677Receiver.sol";
/**
* @title Equity
* @notice If the Frankencoin system was a bank, this contract would represent the equity on its balance sheet.
* Like with a corporation, the owners of the equity capital are the shareholders, or in this case the holders
* of Frankencoin Pool Shares (FPS) tokens. Anyone can mint additional FPS tokens by adding Frankencoins to the
* reserve pool. Also, FPS tokens can be redeemed for Frankencoins again after a minimum holding period.
* Furthermore, the FPS shares come with some voting power. Anyone that held at least 3% of the holding-period-
* weighted reserve pool shares gains veto power and can veto new proposals.
*/
contract Equity is ERC20PermitLight, MathUtil, IReserve {
/**
* The VALUATION_FACTOR determines the market cap of the reserve pool shares relative to the equity reserves.
* The following always holds: Market Cap = Valuation Factor * Equity Reserve = Price * Supply
*
* In the absence of profits and losses, the variables grow as follows when FPS tokens are minted:
*
* | Reserve | Market Cap | Price | Supply |
* | 1000 | 3000 | 3 | 1000 |
* | 1000000 | 3000000 | 300 | 10000 |
* | 1000000000 | 3000000000 | 30000 | 100000 |
* | 1000000000000 | 3000000000000 | 3000000 | 1000000 |
*
* I.e., the supply is proporational to the cubic root of the reserve and the price is proportional to the
* squared cubic root. When profits accumulate or losses materialize, the reserve, the market cap,
* and the price are adjusted proportionally, with the supply staying constant. In the absence of an extreme
* inflation of the Swiss franc, it is unlikely that there will ever be more than ten million FPS.
*/
uint32 public constant VALUATION_FACTOR = 3;
uint256 private constant MINIMUM_EQUITY = 1000 * ONE_DEC18;
/**
* @notice The quorum in basis points. 100 is 1%.
*/
uint32 private constant QUORUM = 200;
/**
* @notice The number of digits to store the average holding time of share tokens.
*/
uint8 private constant TIME_RESOLUTION_BITS = 20;
/**
* @notice The minimum holding duration. You are not allowed to redeem your pool shares if you held them
* for less than the minimum holding duration at average. For example, if you have two pool shares on your
* address, one acquired 5 days ago and one acquired 105 days ago, you cannot redeem them as the average
* holding duration of your shares is only 55 days < 90 days.
*/
uint256 public constant MIN_HOLDING_DURATION = 90 days << TIME_RESOLUTION_BITS; // Set to 5 for local testing
Frankencoin public immutable zchf;
/**
* @dev To track the total number of votes we need to know the number of votes at the anchor time and when the
* anchor time was. This is (hopefully) stored in one 256 bit slot, with the anchor time taking 64 Bits and
* the total vote count 192 Bits. Given the sub-second resolution of 20 Bits, the implicit assumption is
* that the timestamp can always be stored in 44 Bits (i.e. it does not exceed half a million years). Further,
* given 18 decimals (about 60 Bits), this implies that the total supply cannot exceed
* 192 - 60 - 44 - 20 = 68 Bits
* Here, we are also save, as 68 Bits would imply more than a trillion outstanding shares. In fact,
* a limit of about 2**36 shares (that's about 2**96 Bits when taking into account the decimals) is imposed
* when minting. This means that the maximum supply is billions shares, which is could only be reached in
* a scenario with hyper inflation, in which case the stablecoin is worthless anyway.
*/
uint192 private totalVotesAtAnchor; // Total number of votes at the anchor time, see comment on the um
uint64 private totalVotesAnchorTime; // 44 Bit for the time stamp, 20 Bit sub-second time resolution
/**
* @notice Keeping track on who delegated votes to whom.
* Note that delegation does not mean you cannot vote / veto any more, it just means that the delegate can
* benefit from your votes when invoking a veto. Circular delegations are valid, do not help when voting.
*/
mapping(address owner => address delegate) public delegates;
/**
* @notice A time stamp in the past such that: votes = balance * (time passed since anchor was set)
*/
mapping(address owner => uint64 timestamp) private voteAnchor; // 44 bits for time stamp, 20 subsecond resolution
event Delegation(address indexed from, address indexed to); // indicates a delegation
event Trade(address who, int amount, uint totPrice, uint newprice); // amount pos or neg for mint or redemption
constructor(Frankencoin zchf_) ERC20(18) {
zchf = zchf_;
}
function name() external pure override returns (string memory) {
return "Frankencoin Pool Share";
}
function symbol() external pure override returns (string memory) {
return "FPS";
}
/**
* @notice Returns the price of one FPS in ZCHF with 18 decimals precision.
*/
function price() public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 equity = zchf.equity();
if (equity == 0 || totalSupply() == 0) {
return ONE_DEC18; // initial price is 1000 ZCHF for the first 1000 FPS
} else {
return (VALUATION_FACTOR * zchf.equity() * ONE_DEC18) / totalSupply();
}
}
function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override {
super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
if (amount > 0) {
// No need to adjust the sender votes. When they send out 10% of their shares, they also lose 10% of
// their votes so everything falls nicely into place. Recipient votes should stay the same, but grow
// faster in the future, requiring an adjustment of the anchor.
uint256 roundingLoss = _adjustRecipientVoteAnchor(to, amount);
// The total also must be adjusted and kept accurate by taking into account the rounding error.
_adjustTotalVotes(from, amount, roundingLoss);
}
}
/**
* @notice Returns whether the given address is allowed to redeem FPS, which is the
* case after their average holding duration is larger than the required minimum.
*/
function canRedeem(address owner) public view returns (bool) {
return _anchorTime() - voteAnchor[owner] >= MIN_HOLDING_DURATION;
}
/**
* @notice Decrease the total votes anchor when tokens lose their voting power due to being moved
* @param from sender
* @param amount amount to be sent
*/
function _adjustTotalVotes(address from, uint256 amount, uint256 roundingLoss) internal {
uint64 time = _anchorTime();
uint256 lostVotes = from == address(0x0) ? 0 : (time - voteAnchor[from]) * amount;
totalVotesAtAnchor = uint192(totalVotes() - roundingLoss - lostVotes);
totalVotesAnchorTime = time;
}
/**
* @notice the vote anchor of the recipient is moved forward such that the number of calculated
* votes does not change despite the higher balance.
* @param to receiver address
* @param amount amount to be received
* @return the number of votes lost due to rounding errors
*/
function _adjustRecipientVoteAnchor(address to, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256) {
if (to != address(0x0)) {
uint256 recipientVotes = votes(to); // for example 21 if 7 shares were held for 3 seconds
uint256 newbalance = balanceOf(to) + amount; // for example 11 if 4 shares are added
// new example anchor is only 21 / 11 = 1 second in the past
voteAnchor[to] = uint64(_anchorTime() - recipientVotes / newbalance);
return recipientVotes % newbalance; // we have lost 21 % 11 = 10 votes
} else {
// optimization for burn, vote anchor of null address does not matter
return 0;
}
}
/**
* @notice Time stamp with some additional bits for higher resolution.
*/
function _anchorTime() internal view returns (uint64) {
return uint64(block.timestamp << TIME_RESOLUTION_BITS);
}
/**
* @notice The relative voting power of the address.
* @return A percentage with 1e18 being 100%
*/
function relativeVotes(address holder) external view returns (uint256) {
return (ONE_DEC18 * votes(holder)) / totalVotes();
}
/**
* @notice The votes of the holder, excluding votes from delegates.
*/
function votes(address holder) public view returns (uint256) {
return balanceOf(holder) * (_anchorTime() - voteAnchor[holder]);
}
/**
* @notice How long the holder already held onto their average FPS in seconds.
*/
function holdingDuration(address holder) public view returns (uint256) {
return (_anchorTime() - voteAnchor[holder]) >> TIME_RESOLUTION_BITS;
}
/**
* @notice Total number of votes in the system.
*/
function totalVotes() public view returns (uint256) {
return totalVotesAtAnchor + totalSupply() * (_anchorTime() - totalVotesAnchorTime);
}
/**
* @notice The number of votes the sender commands when taking the support of the helpers into account.
* @param sender The address whose total voting power is of interest
* @param helpers An incrementally sorted list of helpers without duplicates and without the sender.
* The call fails if the list contains an address that does not delegate to sender.
* For indirect delegates, i.e. a -> b -> c, both a and b must be included for both to count.
* @return The total number of votes of sender at the current point in time.
*/
function votesDelegated(address sender, address[] calldata helpers) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 _votes = votes(sender);
require(_checkDuplicatesAndSorted(helpers));
for (uint i = 0; i < helpers.length; i++) {
address current = helpers[i];
require(current != sender);
require(_canVoteFor(sender, current));
_votes += votes(current);
}
return _votes;
}
function _checkDuplicatesAndSorted(address[] calldata helpers) internal pure returns (bool ok) {
if (helpers.length <= 1) {
return true;
} else {
address prevAddress = helpers[0];
for (uint i = 1; i < helpers.length; i++) {
if (helpers[i] <= prevAddress) {
return false;
}
prevAddress = helpers[i];
}
return true;
}
}
/**
* @notice Checks whether the sender address is qualified given a list of helpers that delegated their votes
* directly or indirectly to the sender. It is the responsiblity of the caller to figure out whether
* helpes are necessary and to identify them by scanning the blockchain for Delegation events.
*/
function checkQualified(address sender, address[] calldata helpers) public view override {
uint256 _votes = votesDelegated(sender, helpers);
if (_votes * 10000 < QUORUM * totalVotes()) revert NotQualified();
}
error NotQualified();
/**
* @notice Increases the voting power of the delegate by your number of votes without taking away any voting power
* from the sender.
*/
function delegateVoteTo(address delegate) external {
delegates[msg.sender] = delegate;
emit Delegation(msg.sender, delegate);
}
function _canVoteFor(address delegate, address owner) internal view returns (bool) {
if (owner == delegate) {
return true;
} else if (owner == address(0x0)) {
return false;
} else {
return _canVoteFor(delegate, delegates[owner]);
}
}
/**
* @notice Since quorum is rather low, it is important to have a way to prevent malicious minority holders
* from blocking the whole system. This method provides a way for the good guys to team up and destroy
* the bad guy's votes (at the cost of also reducing their own votes). This mechanism potentially
* gives full control over the system to whoever has 51% of the votes.
*
* Since this is a rather aggressive measure, delegation is not supported. Every holder must call this
* method on their own.
* @param targets The target addresses to remove votes from
* @param votesToDestroy The maximum number of votes the caller is willing to sacrifice
*/
function kamikaze(address[] calldata targets, uint256 votesToDestroy) external {
uint256 budget = _reduceVotes(msg.sender, votesToDestroy);
uint256 destroyedVotes = 0;
for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length && destroyedVotes < budget; i++) {
destroyedVotes += _reduceVotes(targets[i], budget - destroyedVotes);
}
require(destroyedVotes > 0); // sanity check
totalVotesAtAnchor = uint192(totalVotes() - destroyedVotes - budget);
totalVotesAnchorTime = _anchorTime();
}
function _reduceVotes(address target, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256) {
uint256 votesBefore = votes(target);
if (amount >= votesBefore) {
amount = votesBefore;
voteAnchor[target] = _anchorTime();
return votesBefore;
} else {
voteAnchor[target] = uint64(_anchorTime() - (votesBefore - amount) / balanceOf(target));
return votesBefore - votes(target);
}
}
/**
* @notice Call this method to obtain newly minted pool shares in exchange for Frankencoins.
* No allowance required (i.e. it is hardcoded in the Frankencoin token contract).
* Make sure to invest at least 10e-12 * market cap to avoid rounding losses.
*
* @dev If equity is close to zero or negative, you need to send enough ZCHF to bring equity back to 1000 ZCHF.
*
* @param amount Frankencoins to invest
* @param expectedShares Minimum amount of expected shares for frontrunning protection
*/
function invest(uint256 amount, uint256 expectedShares) external returns (uint256) {
zchf.transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), amount);
uint256 equity = zchf.equity();
require(equity >= MINIMUM_EQUITY, "insuf equity"); // ensures that the initial deposit is at least 1000 ZCHF
uint256 shares = _calculateShares(equity <= amount ? 0 : equity - amount, amount);
require(shares >= expectedShares);
_mint(msg.sender, shares);
emit Trade(msg.sender, int(shares), amount, price());
// limit the total supply to a reasonable amount to guard against overflows with price and vote calculations
// the 36 bits are 68 bits for magnitude and 60 bits for precision, as calculated in an above comment
require(totalSupply() <= type(uint96).max, "total supply exceeded");
return shares;
}
/**
* @notice Calculate shares received when investing Frankencoins
* @param investment ZCHF to be invested
* @return shares to be received in return
*/
function calculateShares(uint256 investment) external view returns (uint256) {
return _calculateShares(zchf.equity(), investment);
}
function _calculateShares(uint256 capitalBefore, uint256 investment) internal view returns (uint256) {
uint256 totalShares = totalSupply();
uint256 investmentExFees = (investment * 997) / 1000; // remove 0.3% fee
// Assign 1000 FPS for the initial deposit, calculate the amount otherwise
uint256 newTotalShares = capitalBefore < MINIMUM_EQUITY || totalShares == 0
? totalShares + 1000 * ONE_DEC18
: _mulD18(totalShares, _cubicRoot(_divD18(capitalBefore + investmentExFees, capitalBefore)));
return newTotalShares - totalShares;
}
/**
* @notice Redeem the given amount of shares owned by the sender and transfer the proceeds to the target.
* @return The amount of ZCHF transferred to the target
*/
function redeem(address target, uint256 shares) external returns (uint256) {
return _redeemFrom(msg.sender, target, shares);
}
/**
* @notice Like redeem(...), but with an extra parameter to protect against frontrunning.
* @param expectedProceeds The minimum acceptable redemption proceeds.
*/
function redeemExpected(address target, uint256 shares, uint256 expectedProceeds) external returns (uint256) {
uint256 proceeds = _redeemFrom(msg.sender, target, shares);
require(proceeds >= expectedProceeds);
return proceeds;
}
/**
* @notice Redeem FPS based on an allowance from the owner to the caller.
* See also redeemExpected(...).
*/
function redeemFrom(
address owner,
address target,
uint256 shares,
uint256 expectedProceeds
) external returns (uint256) {
_useAllowance(owner, msg.sender, shares);
uint256 proceeds = _redeemFrom(owner, target, shares);
require(proceeds >= expectedProceeds);
return proceeds;
}
function _redeemFrom(address owner, address target, uint256 shares) internal returns (uint256) {
require(canRedeem(owner));
uint256 proceeds = calculateProceeds(shares);
_burn(owner, shares);
zchf.transfer(target, proceeds);
emit Trade(owner, -int(shares), proceeds, price());
return proceeds;
}
/**
* @notice Calculate ZCHF received when depositing shares
* @param shares number of shares we want to exchange for ZCHF,
* in dec18 format
* @return amount of ZCHF received for the shares
*/
function calculateProceeds(uint256 shares) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 totalShares = totalSupply();
require(shares + ONE_DEC18 < totalShares, "too many shares"); // make sure there is always at least one share
uint256 capital = zchf.equity();
uint256 reductionAfterFees = (shares * 997) / 1000;
uint256 newCapital = _mulD18(capital, _power3(_divD18(totalShares - reductionAfterFees, totalShares)));
return capital - newCapital;
}
/**
* @notice If there is less than 1000 ZCHF in equity left (maybe even negative), the system is at risk
* and we should allow qualified FPS holders to restructure the system.
*
* Example: there was a devastating loss and equity stands at -1'000'000. Most shareholders have lost hope in the
* Frankencoin system except for a group of small FPS holders who still believes in it and is willing to provide
* 2'000'000 ZCHF to save it. These brave souls are essentially donating 1'000'000 to the minter reserve and it
* would be wrong to force them to share the other million with the passive FPS holders. Instead, they will get
* the possibility to bootstrap the system again owning 100% of all FPS shares.
*
* @param helpers A list of addresses that delegate to the caller in incremental order
* @param addressesToWipe A list of addresses whose FPS will be burned to zero
*/
function restructureCapTable(address[] calldata helpers, address[] calldata addressesToWipe) external {
require(zchf.equity() < MINIMUM_EQUITY);
checkQualified(msg.sender, helpers);
for (uint256 i = 0; i < addressesToWipe.length; i++) {
address current = addressesToWipe[i];
_burn(current, balanceOf(current));
}
}
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./utils/ERC20PermitLight.sol";
import "./Equity.sol";
import "./interface/IReserve.sol";
import "./interface/IFrankencoin.sol";
/**
* @title FrankenCoin
* @notice The Frankencoin (ZCHF) is an ERC-20 token that is designed to track the value of the Swiss franc.
* It is not upgradable, but open to arbitrary minting plugins. These are automatically accepted if none of the
* qualified pool share holders casts a veto, leading to a flexible but conservative governance.
*/
contract Frankencoin is ERC20PermitLight, IFrankencoin {
/**
* @notice Minimal fee and application period when suggesting a new minter.
*/
uint256 public constant MIN_FEE = 1000 * (10 ** 18);
uint256 public immutable MIN_APPLICATION_PERIOD; // for example 10 days
/**
* @notice The contract that holds the reserve.
*/
IReserve public immutable override reserve;
/**
* @notice How much of the reserve belongs to the minters. Everything else belongs to the pool share holders.
* Stored with 6 additional digits of accuracy so no rounding is necessary when dealing with parts per
* million (ppm) in reserve calculations.
*/
uint256 private minterReserveE6;
/**
* @notice Map of minters to approval time stamps. If the time stamp is in the past, the minter contract is allowed
* to mint Frankencoins.
*/
mapping(address minter => uint256 validityStart) public minters;
/**
* @notice List of positions that are allowed to mint and the minter that registered them.
*/
mapping(address position => address registeringMinter) public positions;
event MinterApplied(address indexed minter, uint256 applicationPeriod, uint256 applicationFee, string message);
event MinterDenied(address indexed minter, string message);
event Loss(address indexed reportingMinter, uint256 amount);
event Profit(address indexed reportingMinter, uint256 amount);
error PeriodTooShort();
error FeeTooLow();
error AlreadyRegistered();
error NotMinter();
error TooLate();
modifier minterOnly() {
if (!isMinter(msg.sender) && !isMinter(positions[msg.sender])) revert NotMinter();
_;
}
/**
* @notice Initiates the Frankencoin with the provided minimum application period for new plugins
* in seconds, for example 10 days, i.e. 3600*24*10 = 864000
*/
constructor(uint256 _minApplicationPeriod) ERC20(18) {
MIN_APPLICATION_PERIOD = _minApplicationPeriod;
reserve = new Equity(this);
}
function name() external pure override returns (string memory) {
return "Frankencoin";
}
function symbol() external pure override returns (string memory) {
return "ZCHF";
}
function initialize(address _minter, string calldata _message) external {
require(totalSupply() == 0 && reserve.totalSupply() == 0);
minters[_minter] = block.timestamp;
emit MinterApplied(_minter, 0, 0, _message);
}
/**
* @notice Publicly accessible method to suggest a new way of minting Frankencoin.
* @dev The caller has to pay an application fee that is irrevocably lost even if the new minter is vetoed.
* The caller must assume that someone will veto the new minter unless there is broad consensus that the new minter
* adds value to the Frankencoin system. Complex proposals should have application periods and applications fees
* above the minimum. It is assumed that over time, informal ways to coordinate on new minters emerge. The message
* parameter might be useful for initiating further communication. Maybe it contains a link to a website describing
* the proposed minter.
*
* @param _minter An address that is given the permission to mint Frankencoins
* @param _applicationPeriod The time others have to veto the suggestion, at least MIN_APPLICATION_PERIOD
* @param _applicationFee The fee paid by the caller, at least MIN_FEE
* @param _message An optional human readable message to everyone watching this contract
*/
function suggestMinter(
address _minter,
uint256 _applicationPeriod,
uint256 _applicationFee,
string calldata _message
) external override {
if (_applicationPeriod < MIN_APPLICATION_PERIOD) revert PeriodTooShort();
if (_applicationFee < MIN_FEE) revert FeeTooLow();
if (minters[_minter] != 0) revert AlreadyRegistered();
_collectProfits(address(this), msg.sender, _applicationFee);
minters[_minter] = block.timestamp + _applicationPeriod;
emit MinterApplied(_minter, _applicationPeriod, _applicationFee, _message);
}
/**
* @notice Make the system more user friendly by skipping the allowance in many cases.
* @dev We trust minters and the positions they have created to mint and burn as they please, so
* giving them arbitrary allowances does not pose an additional risk.
*/
function _allowance(address owner, address spender) internal view override returns (uint256) {
uint256 explicit = super._allowance(owner, spender);
if (explicit > 0) {
return explicit; // don't waste gas checking minter
} else if (isMinter(spender) || isMinter(getPositionParent(spender)) || spender == address(reserve)) {
return INFINITY;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
/**
* @notice The reserve provided by the owners of collateralized positions.
* @dev The minter reserve can be used to cover losses after the equity holders have been wiped out.
*/
function minterReserve() public view returns (uint256) {
return minterReserveE6 / 1000000;
}
/**
* @notice Allows minters to register collateralized debt positions, thereby giving them the ability to mint Frankencoins.
* @dev It is assumed that the responsible minter that registers the position ensures that the position can be trusted.
*/
function registerPosition(address _position) external override {
if (!isMinter(msg.sender)) revert NotMinter();
positions[_position] = msg.sender;
}
/**
* @notice The amount of equity of the Frankencoin system in ZCHF, owned by the holders of Frankencoin Pool Shares.
* @dev Note that the equity contract technically holds both the minter reserve as well as the equity, so the minter
* reserve must be subtracted. All fees and other kind of income is added to the Equity contract and essentially
* constitutes profits attributable to the pool share holders.
*/
function equity() public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 balance = balanceOf(address(reserve));
uint256 minReserve = minterReserve();
if (balance <= minReserve) {
return 0;
} else {
return balance - minReserve;
}
}
/**
* @notice Qualified pool share holders can deny minters during the application period.
* @dev Calling this function is relatively cheap thanks to the deletion of a storage slot.
*/
function denyMinter(address _minter, address[] calldata _helpers, string calldata _message) external override {
if (block.timestamp > minters[_minter]) revert TooLate();
reserve.checkQualified(msg.sender, _helpers);
delete minters[_minter];
emit MinterDenied(_minter, _message);
}
/**
* @notice Mints the provided amount of ZCHF to the target address, automatically forwarding
* the minting fee and the reserve to the right place.
*/
function mintWithReserve(
address _target,
uint256 _amount,
uint32 _reservePPM,
uint32 _feesPPM
) external override minterOnly {
uint256 usableMint = (_amount * (1000_000 - _feesPPM - _reservePPM)) / 1000_000; // rounding down is fine
_mint(_target, usableMint);
_mint(address(reserve), _amount - usableMint); // rest goes to equity as reserves or as fees
minterReserveE6 += _amount * _reservePPM;
emit Profit(msg.sender, (_feesPPM * _amount) / 1000_000);
}
function mint(address _target, uint256 _amount) external override minterOnly {
_mint(_target, _amount);
}
/**
* Anyone is allowed to burn their ZCHF.
*/
function burn(uint256 _amount) external {
_burn(msg.sender, _amount);
}
/**
* @notice Burn someone elses ZCHF.
*/
function burnFrom(address _owner, uint256 _amount) external override minterOnly {
_burn(_owner, _amount);
}
/**
* @notice Burn that amount without reclaiming the reserve, but freeing it up and thereby essentially donating it to the
* pool share holders. This can make sense in combination with 'coverLoss', i.e. when it is the pool share
* holders that bear the risk and depending on the outcome they make a profit or a loss.
*
* Design rule: Minters calling this method are only allowed to so for tokens amounts they previously minted with
* the same _reservePPM amount.
*
* For example, if someone minted 50 ZCHF earlier with a 20% reserve requirement (200000 ppm), they got 40 ZCHF
* and paid 10 ZCHF into the reserve. Now they want to repay the debt by burning 50 ZCHF. When doing so using this
* method, 50 ZCHF get burned and on top of that, 10 ZCHF previously assigned to the minter's reserved are
* reassigned to the pool share holders.
*/
function burnWithoutReserve(uint256 amount, uint32 reservePPM) public override minterOnly {
_burn(msg.sender, amount);
uint256 reserveReduction = amount * reservePPM;
if (reserveReduction > minterReserveE6) {
emit Profit(msg.sender, minterReserveE6 / 1000_000);
minterReserveE6 = 0; // should never happen, but we want robust behavior in case it does
} else {
minterReserveE6 -= reserveReduction;
emit Profit(msg.sender, reserveReduction / 1000_000);
}
}
/**
* @notice Burns the provided number of tokens plus whatever reserves are associated with that amount given the reserve
* requirement. The caller is only allowed to use this method for tokens also minted through the caller with the
* same _reservePPM amount.
*
* Example: the calling contract has previously minted 100 ZCHF with a reserve ratio of 20% (i.e. 200000 ppm).
* Now they have 41 ZCHF that they do not need so they decide to repay that amount. Assuming the reserves are
* only 90% covered, the call to burnWithReserve will burn the 41 plus 9 from the reserve, reducing the outstanding
* 'debt' of the caller by 50 ZCHF in total. This total is returned by the method so the caller knows how much less
* they owe.
*/
function burnWithReserve(
uint256 _amountExcludingReserve,
uint32 _reservePPM
) external override minterOnly returns (uint256) {
uint256 freedAmount = calculateFreedAmount(_amountExcludingReserve, _reservePPM); // 50 in the example
minterReserveE6 -= freedAmount * _reservePPM; // reduce reserve requirements by original ratio
_transfer(address(reserve), msg.sender, freedAmount - _amountExcludingReserve); // collect assigned reserve
_burn(msg.sender, freedAmount); // burn the rest of the freed amount
return freedAmount;
}
/**
* @notice Burns the target amount taking the tokens to be burned from the payer and the payer's reserve.
* Only use this method for tokens also minted by the caller with the same _reservePPM.
*
* Example: the calling contract has previously minted 100 ZCHF with a reserve ratio of 20% (i.e. 200000 ppm).
* To burn half of that again, the minter calls burnFrom with a target amount of 50 ZCHF. Assuming that reserves
* are only 90% covered, this call will deduct 41 ZCHF from the payer's balance and 9 from the reserve, while
* reducing the minter reserve by 10.
*/
function burnFromWithReserve(
address payer,
uint256 targetTotalBurnAmount,
uint32 reservePPM
) external override minterOnly returns (uint256) {
uint256 assigned = calculateAssignedReserve(targetTotalBurnAmount, reservePPM);
_transfer(address(reserve), payer, assigned); // send reserve to owner
_burn(payer, targetTotalBurnAmount); // and burn the full amount from the owner's address
minterReserveE6 -= targetTotalBurnAmount * reservePPM; // reduce reserve requirements by original ratio
return assigned;
}
/**
* @notice Calculates the reserve attributable to someone who minted the given amount with the given reserve requirement.
* Under normal circumstances, this is just the reserver requirement multiplied by the amount. However, after a
* severe loss of capital that burned into the minter's reserve, this can also be less than that.
*/
function calculateAssignedReserve(uint256 mintedAmount, uint32 _reservePPM) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 theoreticalReserve = (_reservePPM * mintedAmount) / 1000000;
uint256 currentReserve = balanceOf(address(reserve));
uint256 minterReserve_ = minterReserve();
if (currentReserve < minterReserve_) {
// not enough reserves, owner has to take a loss
return (theoreticalReserve * currentReserve) / minterReserve_;
} else {
return theoreticalReserve;
}
}
/**
* @notice Calculate the amount that is freed when returning amountExcludingReserve given a reserve ratio of reservePPM,
* taking into account potential losses. Example values in the comments.
*/
function calculateFreedAmount(
uint256 amountExcludingReserve /* 41 */,
uint32 reservePPM /* 20% */
) public view returns (uint256) {
uint256 currentReserve = balanceOf(address(reserve)); // 18, 10% below what we should have
uint256 minterReserve_ = minterReserve(); // 20
uint256 adjustedReservePPM = currentReserve < minterReserve_
? (reservePPM * currentReserve) / minterReserve_
: reservePPM; // 18%
return (1000000 * amountExcludingReserve) / (1000000 - adjustedReservePPM); // 41 / (1-18%) = 50
}
/**
* @notice Notify the Frankencoin that a minter lost economic access to some coins. This does not mean that the coins are
* literally lost. It just means that some ZCHF will likely never be repaid and that in order to bring the system
* back into balance, the lost amount of ZCHF must be removed from the reserve instead.
*
* For example, if a minter printed 1 million ZCHF for a mortgage and the mortgage turned out to be unsound with
* the house only yielding 800'000 in the subsequent auction, there is a loss of 200'000 that needs to be covered
* by the reserve.
*/
function coverLoss(address source, uint256 _amount) external override minterOnly {
uint256 reserveLeft = balanceOf(address(reserve));
if (reserveLeft >= _amount) {
_transfer(address(reserve), source, _amount);
} else {
_transfer(address(reserve), source, reserveLeft);
_mint(source, _amount - reserveLeft);
}
emit Loss(source, _amount);
}
function collectProfits(address source, uint256 _amount) external override minterOnly {
_collectProfits(msg.sender, source, _amount);
}
function _collectProfits(address minter, address source, uint256 _amount) internal {
_transfer(source, address(reserve), _amount);
emit Profit(minter, _amount);
}
/**
* @notice Returns true if the address is an approved minter.
*/
function isMinter(address _minter) public view override returns (bool) {
return minters[_minter] != 0 && block.timestamp >= minters[_minter];
}
/**
* @notice Returns the address of the minter that created this position or null if the provided address is unknown.
*/
function getPositionParent(address _position) public view override returns (address) {
return positions[_position];
}
}/**
* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
*
* Copyright (c) 2016-2019 zOS Global Limited
*
*/
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
/**
* @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP. Does not include
* the optional functions; to access them see `ERC20Detailed`.
*/
interface IERC20 {
function name() external view returns (string memory);
function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
/**
* @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
*/
function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
*/
function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
*
* Returns always true. Throws error on failure.
*
* Emits a `Transfer` event.
*/
function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
/**
* @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
* allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through `transferFrom`. This is
* zero by default.
*
* This value can change when `approve` or `transferFrom` are called.
*/
function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
*
* Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
*
* > Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
* that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
* transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
* condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
* desired value afterwards:
* https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
*
* Emits an `Approval` event.
*/
function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
/**
* @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
* allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
* allowance.
*
* Returns always true. Throws error on failure.
*
* Emits a `Transfer` event.
*/
function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
* another (`to`).
*
* Note that `value` may be zero.
*/
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
/**
* @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
* a call to `approve`. `value` is the new allowance.
*/
event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
interface IERC677Receiver {
function onTokenTransfer(address from, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external returns (bool);
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./IERC20.sol";
import "./IReserve.sol";
interface IFrankencoin is IERC20 {
function suggestMinter(address _minter, uint256 _applicationPeriod, uint256 _applicationFee, string calldata _message) external;
function registerPosition(address position) external;
function denyMinter(address minter, address[] calldata helpers, string calldata message) external;
function reserve() external view returns (IReserve);
function minterReserve() external view returns (uint256);
function calculateAssignedReserve(uint256 mintedAmount, uint32 _reservePPM) external view returns (uint256);
function equity() external view returns (uint256);
function isMinter(address minter) external view returns (bool);
function getPositionParent(address position) external view returns (address);
function mint(address target, uint256 amount) external;
function mintWithReserve(address target, uint256 amount, uint32 reservePPM, uint32 feePPM) external;
function burnFrom(address target, uint256 amount) external;
function burnWithoutReserve(uint256 amountIncludingReserve, uint32 reservePPM) external;
function burnFromWithReserve(address payer, uint256 targetTotalBurnAmount, uint32 _reservePPM) external returns (uint256);
function burnWithReserve(uint256 amountExcludingReserve, uint32 reservePPM) external returns (uint256);
function coverLoss(address source, uint256 amount) external;
function collectProfits(address source, uint256 _amount) external;
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./IERC20.sol";
interface IReserve is IERC20 {
function invest(uint256 amount, uint256 expected) external returns (uint256);
function checkQualified(address sender, address[] calldata helpers) external view;
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// Copied and adjusted from OpenZeppelin
// Adjustments:
// - modifications to support ERC-677
// - removed require messages to save space
// - removed unnecessary require statements
// - removed GSN Context
// - upgraded to 0.8 to drop SafeMath
// - let name() and symbol() be implemented by subclass
// - infinite allowance support, with 2^255 and above considered infinite
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "../interface/IERC20.sol";
import "../interface/IERC677Receiver.sol";
/**
* @dev Implementation of the `IERC20` interface.
*
* This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
* that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using `_mint`.
* For a generic mechanism see `ERC20Mintable`.
*
* *For a detailed writeup see our guide [How to implement supply
* mechanisms](https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226).*
*
* We have followed general OpenZeppelin guidelines: functions revert instead
* of returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless conventional
* and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20 applications.
*
* Additionally, an `Approval` event is emitted on calls to `transferFrom`.
* This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
* by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
* these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
*
*/
abstract contract ERC20 is IERC20 {
mapping(address account => uint256 balance) private _balances;
mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256 allowance)) private _allowances;
uint256 internal constant INFINITY = (1 << 255);
uint256 private _totalSupply;
uint8 public immutable override decimals;
// Copied from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4139/files#diff-fa792f7d08644eebc519dac2c29b00a54afc4c6a76b9ef3bba56c8401fe674f6
// Indicates an error related to the current balance of a sender. Used in transfers.
error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);
// Indicates a failure with the spender’s allowance. Used in transfers.
error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);
constructor(uint8 _decimals) {
decimals = _decimals;
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.totalSupply`.
*/
function totalSupply() public view override returns (uint256) {
return _totalSupply;
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.balanceOf`.
*/
function balanceOf(address account) public view override returns (uint256) {
return _balances[account];
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.transfer`.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
* - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
*/
function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
_transfer(msg.sender, recipient, amount);
return true;
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.allowance`.
*/
function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view override returns (uint256) {
return _allowance(owner, spender);
}
function _allowance(address owner, address spender) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
return _allowances[owner][spender];
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.approve`.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
*/
function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external override returns (bool) {
_approve(msg.sender, spender, value);
return true;
}
/**
* @dev See `IERC20.transferFrom`.
*
* Emits an `Approval` event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
* required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of `ERC20`;
*
* Requirements:
* - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
* - `sender` must have a balance of at least `value`.
* - the caller must have allowance for `sender`'s tokens of at least
* `amount`.
*/
function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external override returns (bool) {
_transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
_useAllowance(sender, msg.sender, amount);
return true;
}
function _useAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal {
uint256 currentAllowance = _allowance(owner, spender);
if (currentAllowance < INFINITY) {
// Only decrease the allowance if it was not set to 'infinite'
// Documented in github.com/aktionariat/contracts/blob/master/doc/infiniteallowance.md
if (currentAllowance < amount) revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(owner, currentAllowance, amount);
_approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
}
}
/**
* @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`.
*
* This is internal function is equivalent to `transfer`, and can be used to
* e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
*
* Emits a `Transfer` event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
* - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
* - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
*/
function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
require(recipient != address(0));
_beforeTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount);
if (_balances[sender] < amount) revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(sender, _balances[sender], amount);
_balances[sender] -= amount;
_balances[recipient] += amount;
emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
}
/** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
* the total supply.
*
* Emits a `Transfer` event with `from` set to the zero address.
*
* Requirements
*
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
*/
function _mint(address recipient, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
require(recipient != address(0));
_beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), recipient, amount);
_totalSupply += amount;
_balances[recipient] += amount;
emit Transfer(address(0), recipient, amount);
}
/**
* @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
* total supply.
*
* Emits a `Transfer` event with `to` set to the zero address.
*/
function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
_beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
_totalSupply -= amount;
_balances[account] -= amount;
emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
}
/**
* @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens.
*
* This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
* e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
*
* Emits an `Approval` event.
*/
function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
_allowances[owner][spender] = value;
emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
}
/**
* @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
* minting and burning.
*
* Calling conditions:
*
* - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
* will be to transferred to `to`.
* - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
* - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
* - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
*
* To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
*/
function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// Copied from https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC20.sol
// and modified it.
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "./ERC20.sol";
abstract contract ERC20PermitLight is ERC20 {
/*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
EIP-2612 STORAGE
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/
mapping(address account => uint256 nonce) public nonces;
/*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
EIP-2612 LOGIC
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/
function permit(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
require(deadline >= block.timestamp, "PERMIT_DEADLINE_EXPIRED");
unchecked {
// unchecked to save a little gas with the nonce increment...
address recoveredAddress = ecrecover(
keccak256(
abi.encodePacked(
"\x19\x01",
DOMAIN_SEPARATOR(),
keccak256(
abi.encode(
// keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)"),
bytes32(0x6e71edae12b1b97f4d1f60370fef10105fa2faae0126114a169c64845d6126c9),
owner,
spender,
value,
nonces[owner]++,
deadline
)
)
)
),
v,
r,
s
);
require(recoveredAddress != address(0) && recoveredAddress == owner, "INVALID_SIGNER");
_approve(recoveredAddress, spender, value);
}
}
function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() public view returns (bytes32) {
return
keccak256(
abi.encode(
//keccak256("EIP712Domain(uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)");
bytes32(0x47e79534a245952e8b16893a336b85a3d9ea9fa8c573f3d803afb92a79469218),
block.chainid,
address(this)
)
);
}
}// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
/**
* @title Functions for share valuation
*/
contract MathUtil {
uint256 internal constant ONE_DEC18 = 10 ** 18;
// Let's go for 12 digits of precision (18-6)
uint256 internal constant THRESH_DEC18 = 10 ** 6;
/**
* @notice Cubic root with Halley approximation
* Number 1e18 decimal
* @param _v number for which we calculate x**(1/3)
* @return returns _v**(1/3)
*/
function _cubicRoot(uint256 _v) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// Good first guess for _v slightly above 1.0, which is often the case in the Frankencoin system
uint256 x = _v > ONE_DEC18 && _v < 10 ** 19 ? (_v - ONE_DEC18) / 3 + ONE_DEC18 : ONE_DEC18;
uint256 diff;
do {
uint256 powX3 = _mulD18(_mulD18(x, x), x);
uint256 xnew = x * (powX3 + 2 * _v) / (2 * powX3 + _v);
diff = xnew > x ? xnew - x : x - xnew;
x = xnew;
} while (diff > THRESH_DEC18);
return x;
}
function _mulD18(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return (_a * _b) / ONE_DEC18;
}
function _divD18(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return (_a * ONE_DEC18) / _b;
}
function _power3(uint256 _x) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return _mulD18(_mulD18(_x, _x), _x);
}
function _min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return a < b ? a : b;
}
}{
"optimizer": {
"enabled": true,
"runs": 200
},
"outputSelection": {
"*": {
"*": [
"evm.bytecode",
"evm.deployedBytecode",
"devdoc",
"userdoc",
"metadata",
"abi"
]
}
},
"evmVersion": "paris",
"metadata": {
"useLiteralContent": true
},
"libraries": {}
}Contract Security Audit
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Contract ABI
API[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"contract Frankencoin","name":"zchf_","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"allowance","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"needed","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ERC20InsufficientAllowance","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"balance","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"needed","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ERC20InsufficientBalance","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"NotQualified","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"}],"name":"Delegation","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"who","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"int256","name":"amount","type":"int256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"totPrice","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"newprice","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Trade","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"DOMAIN_SEPARATOR","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"MIN_HOLDING_DURATION","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"VALUATION_FACTOR","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint32","name":"","type":"uint32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"shares","type":"uint256"}],"name":"calculateProceeds","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"investment","type":"uint256"}],"name":"calculateShares","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"canRedeem","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address[]","name":"helpers","type":"address[]"}],"name":"checkQualified","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint8","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"delegate","type":"address"}],"name":"delegateVoteTo","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"delegates","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"delegate","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"holder","type":"address"}],"name":"holdingDuration","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"expectedShares","type":"uint256"}],"name":"invest","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address[]","name":"targets","type":"address[]"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"votesToDestroy","type":"uint256"}],"name":"kamikaze","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"nonces","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"permit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"price","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"target","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"shares","type":"uint256"}],"name":"redeem","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"target","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"shares","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"expectedProceeds","type":"uint256"}],"name":"redeemExpected","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"target","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"shares","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"expectedProceeds","type":"uint256"}],"name":"redeemFrom","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"holder","type":"address"}],"name":"relativeVotes","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address[]","name":"helpers","type":"address[]"},{"internalType":"address[]","name":"addressesToWipe","type":"address[]"}],"name":"restructureCapTable","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"totalVotes","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"holder","type":"address"}],"name":"votes","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address[]","name":"helpers","type":"address[]"}],"name":"votesDelegated","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"zchf","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract Frankencoin","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"}]Contract Creation Code
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Constructor Arguments (ABI-Encoded and is the last bytes of the Contract Creation Code above)
000000000000000000000000b58e61c3098d85632df34eecfb899a1ed80921cb
-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : zchf_ (address): 0xB58E61C3098d85632Df34EecfB899A1Ed80921cB
-----Encoded View---------------
1 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 000000000000000000000000b58e61c3098d85632df34eecfb899a1ed80921cb
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OVERVIEW
Frankencoin Pool Shares (FPS) are shares in the equity reserve pool of the Frankencoin system. Being an FPS holdes is similar to being a shareholder of a bank.Net Worth in USD
$13,476,031.82
Net Worth in ETH
6,615.5328
Token Allocations
ZCHF
100.00%
Multichain Portfolio | 33 Chains
| Chain | Token | Portfolio % | Price | Amount | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ETH | 100.00% | $1.28 | 10,528,149.8584 | $13,476,031.82 |
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A contract address hosts a smart contract, which is a set of code stored on the blockchain that runs when predetermined conditions are met. Learn more about addresses in our Knowledge Base.